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Objective:To study the characteristics of macrophage lineage model polarized to adapt to the tumor micro-environment (TME) for further research on the plasticity of macrophages in TME.Methods:Bone marrow cells from transgenic Foxn1 nu.B6-CAG-EGFP/SU mice were induced by colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), IFN-γ+ LPS and IL-4 to differentiate into M0, M1 and M2 macrophages, respectively. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) was observed under inverted fluorescence microscope. Immunocytochemical staining was used to detect the marker and polarization-related proteins of macrophages. Moreover, the macrophages were co-cultured with human glioma stem cell SU3 for further analysis. Results:The bone marrow-derived M0, M1 and M2 macrophages all showed strong green fluorescence under inverted fluorescence microscope. The inherent plasticity of the macrophages could be observed under ordinary microscope with Wright-Giemsa staining. Immunocytochemical staining showed that CD11C and CD206 markers were observed on M0, M1 and M2 macrophages, while CD68 was only expressed on M1 macrophages. Moreover, the staining was strongly positive for CSF-1 and CSF-1R on M0, M1 and M2 macrophages. Green fluorescent cell infiltration and phagocytic reaction were observed in the co-cultured stem cell spheres.Conclusions:The bone marrow-derived macrophage lineage including M0, M1 and M2 subtypes with the inherent plasticity was successfully prepared using transgenic nude mice expressing GFP. The three subtypes expressed the common marker and polarization-related proteins, and had the phagocytic activity, suggesting that they could be used to study the interaction between tumor cells and macrophages, especially in tracer studies.
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Background: Few researches have focused on the effectiveness of problem/case-based learning (PCBL) method in clinical teaching of ophthalmology among undergraduate students and their evaluation feedbacks to this method. Knowledge of current different approaches of teaching clinical ophthalmology might help to achieve better learning effect. So, our aim was to compare problem/case-based learning (PCBL) with lecture-based learning (LBL) in the education of medical students and investigate the student perceptions of teaching ophthalmology by the PCBL approach.Methods: Two classes of fourth-year medical students were divided into two groups by class-based randomly and were taught the ocular trauma course. A total of 76 students studied in lectures and 87 students learned in a problem/case -based learning discussion session. Five questions were designed on ocular trauma in the final examination to evaluate the effectiveness of these two teaching methods. Students with the PCBL perceptions were collected to analyse the effectiveness of the PCBL.Results: Comparing with LBL, a significantly higher overall examination score occurred in the PCBL group. Most students in the PCBL class agreed that PCBL performed better in improving their understanding of the subject materials, promoting learning motivation, and enhancing the communication skill and clinical thinking method.Conclusions: The PCBL is an effective approach to assist students in understanding the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ocular diseases. This teaching method helps students increase the motivation of improving learning and problem-handling skills.
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Objective@#To compare the efficacy of induction chemotherapy with or without autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) for newly diagnosed young diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients.@*Methods@#The retrospective study was performed in 90 cases of young patients (≤60 years) with newly diagnosed DLBCL and an age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (aa-IPI) score of 2 or 3. All of them were treated with R-CHOP (32 cases, rituximab combined with CHOP), dose-intensive regimens (DA-EPOCH, Hyper CVAD/MA or ESHAP) combined with or without rituximab (25 cases), and consolidated with up-front auto-HSCT (33 cases), respectively. The efficacy and the potential predictors were evaluated.@*Results@#①The median age of 90 patients was 43 (18-60) years old. The median follow-up time was 42 (3-110) months. ②The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) for R-CHOP group, dose-intensive chemotherapy group and auto-HSCT group were (33.5±10.7) %, (55.3±10.1) % and (65.8±13.6) % (P=0.012), the 5-year overall survival (OS) were (49.7±9.0) %, (61.6±10.2) % and (78.6±7.8) % (P=0.035), respectively. There was no significant difference in 5-years PFS and OS between the R-CHOP group and dose-intensive chemotherapy group (P=0.519, P=0.437) compared with that of the dose-intensive chemotherapy group, auto-HSCT group has higher 5-year PFS (P=0.042). ③ When stratified with IPI score, the high-risk group treated with auto-HSCT (26 cases) showed similar 5-years PFS and 5-years OS to those in the low-risk group with chemotherapy alone (12 cases were in R-CHOP group and 8 cases were in dose-intensive chemotherapy group) [5-years PFS were (62.3 ±14.3)%, (58.3 ±18.6)% and (51.4±18.7)%, respectively, P=0.686; 5-years OS were (69.2±13.9)%, (62.5±15.5)% and (58.3±18.6)%, respectively, P=0.592]. ④However, the high-risk group treated with auto-HSCT (26 cases) showed superior 5-years PFS (P=0.002) and 5-years OS (P=0.019) compared to the high-risk group with chemotherapy alone (20 cases were in R-CHOP group and 17 cases were in dose-intensive chemotherapy group) [5-years PFS were (62.3±14.3)%, (41.1±13.5)% and (21.9±11.6)%, respectively; 5-years OS were (69.2±13.9)%, (51.5%±14.0)% and (35.4±13.6)%, respectively]. ⑤In the univariate analysis, as a whole, patients diagnosed with GCB subtype had higher 3-years PFS (P=0.022) and 3-years OS (P=0.037) compared to non-GCB subtype patients; in subgroup analysis, patients diagnosed with GCB subtype had higher 3-years PFS and 3-years OS compared to non-GCB subtype both in R-CHOP group (P=0.030, P=0.041) and dose-intensive chemotherapy group (P=0.044, P=0.047), but not in auto-HSCT group (P=0.199, P=0.093). ⑥In the multivariate analysis, different molecular classification (GCB/non-GCB) was an independent predictor for PFS and OS both in R-CHOP group [HR=0.274 (95% CI 0.094-0.800), P=0.018; HR=0.408 (95% CI 0.164-1.015), P=0.045] and dose-intensive chemotherapy group [HR=0.423 (95% CI 0.043-1.152), P=0.048; HR=5.758 (95% CI 0.882-6.592), P=0.035]. However, there was no significant difference in PFS and OS for auto-HSCT group between GCB/non-GCB patients.@*Conclusion@#Induction chemotherapy followed by up-front auto-HSCT has significant effect on efficacy for young and untreated patients with high risk DLBCL. Combined with induction chemotherapy followed by up-front auto-HSCT could improve the prognosis of non-GCB patients.
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Objective To explore the relevance between 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging features and laboratory parameters of multiple myeloma (MM) and its prognostic value. Methods The clinical data of 75 MM patients who received 18F-FDG PET-CT examination at the time of initial diagnosis in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital from September 2008 to August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, including their clinical features, survival time, PET-CT imaging and laboratory results. The correlation between imaging changes and laboratory results was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to make survival analysis. Results Of 75 patients, there were 48 patients (64.0%) who had lytic bone lesions everywhere of the bodies, especially in axial skeleton. Twenty-six patients (34.7%) had pathological fracture, which were either rib or spinal pathologic fracture. PET-CT at initial diagnosis showed that the osteolytic lesions were associated with anemia (χ2＝ 0.455, P ＝ 0.032), while pathological fractures were associated with C-reactive protein levels (χ 2 ＝ 0.976, P ＝ 0.007). The existence of pathologic fracture or lytic bone lesions showed no relevance to abnormal cytogenetics, extramedullary lesion, lactic dehydrogenase, albumin or β2-macroglobulin (β2-MG) levels as well as the survival time (all P＞0.05). Twenty-eight patients (37.3%) with
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Objective: To compare the efficacy between chemotherapy plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and chemotherapy plus G-CSF and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) and hematopoietic recovery after transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: A retrospective study of autologous PBSC (APBSC) mobilization data of 56 MM patients who were treated with chemotherapy plus G-CSF or chemotherapy plus G-CSF and GM-CSF from May 2008 to July 2016 in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital was conducted. The mobilization efficacy and hematopoietic recovery were analyzed. Results: In the univariate analysis, the successful collection rate of a single harvest in women and in patients with ISS stage Ⅲ and R-ISS stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ and treated with chemotherapy plus G-CSF was lower (P<0.05). However, age (≤60 years vs.>60 years), subtype, D-S staging (Ⅰ+Ⅱvs.Ⅲ), number of cycles of chemotherapy before mobilization (≤6 cycles vs.>6 cycles), disease phase before mobilization (PR vs. CR), and interval between diagnosis and mobilization (≤18 months vs.>18 months) were not correlated with CD34+ cell collection and successful mobilization rates (P>0.05). In the multivariate model, the successful mobilization rate in patients who received the chemotherapy plus G-CSF and GM-CSF mobilization regimen was higher (OR=12.009, 95% CI=1.961-73.537). The effect of mobilization regimens remained significant (P=0.007). Hematopoietic recovery without transplantation-related mortality occurred successfully in all patients. Conclusions: Chemotherapy plus G-CSF and GM-CSF mobilization regimens can significantly increase the effect of APBSC mobilization and ensure the recovery of hematopoietic function after transplantation. Chemotherapy plus G-CSF and GM-CSF mobilization regimens are safe and effective for mobilizing APBSCs.
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In order to solve the problem of early classification of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the conventional linear feature extraction algorithm is difficult to extract the most discriminative information from the high-dimensional features to effectively classify unlabeled samples. Therefore, in order to reduce the redundant features and improve the recognition accuracy, this paper used the supervised locally linear embedding (SLLE) algorithm to transform multivariate data of regional brain volume and cortical thickness to a locally linear space with fewer dimensions. The 412 individuals were collected from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) including stable mild cognitive impairment (sMCI, = 93), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, = 96), AD ( = 86) and cognitive normal controls (CN, = 137). The SLLE algorithm used in this paper is to calculate the nearest neighbors of each sample point by adding the distance correction term, and the locally linear reconstruction weight matrix was obtained from its nearest neighbors, then the low dimensional mapping of the high dimensional data can be calculated. In order to verify the validity of SLLE in the task of classification, the feature extraction algorithms such as principal component analysis (PCA), Neighborhood MinMax Projection (NMMP), locally linear mapping (LLE) and SLLE were respectively combined with support vector machines (SVM) classifier to obtain the accuracy of classification of CN and sMCI, CN and aMCI, CN and AD, sMCI and aMCI, sMCI and AD, and aMCI and AD, respectively. Experimental results showed that our method had improvements (accuracy/sensitivity/specificity: 65.16%/63.33%/67.62%) on the classification of sMCI and aMCI by comparing with the combination algorithm of LLE and SVM (accuracy/sensitivity/specificity: 64.08%/66.14%/62.77%) and SVM (accuracy/sensitivity/specificity: 57.25%/56.28%/58.08%). In detail the accuracy of the combination algorithm of SLLE and SVM is 1.08% higher than the combination algorithm of LLE and SVM, and 7.91% higher than SVM. Thus, the combination of SLLE and SVM is more effective in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Objective@#To explore the mechanism of ibrutinib on drug resistance diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells.@*Methods@#DLBCL cell line was cultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) , and DLBCL cells which migrated and adhered to MSC under microscope was counted. The secretion of CXCL12 by MSC were measured by ELISA. The expression of CXCR4 on DLBCL cells were measured by flow cytometry, HBL-1 cells were transfected with a CXCR4-lentivector. An Annexin Ⅴ-binding assay was used to detect the induction of apoptosis. Clonogenic growth of DLBCL cells was evaluated on MethoCult media. Ibrutinib was injected into NOD/SCID mice, tumor growth was assessed via caliper measurements every 3 days.@*Results@#MSC promoted migration and adhesion of DLBCL cells to MSC. Ibrutinib inhibited migration and adhesion of DLBCL cells to MSC in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05) . CXCL12 secreted by MSC and CXCR4 expressed on DLBCL cells could induce each other, which upgraded the levels of secretion and expression. Ibrutinib could inhibit the secretion of CXCL12 (SUDHL10: 660 pg/ml vs 1 400 pg/ml, P=0.004; HBL-1: 720 pg/ml vs 1 490 pg/ml, P=0.018; DLBCL:850 pg/ml vs 1 450 pg/ml, P=0.004) and expression of CXCR4 (P<0.05) . When co-cultured with MSC, the ratio of HBL-1 cells apoptosis in the group of control, mitoxantrone, ibrutinib, mitoxantrone+ibrutinib were respectively 15.1%, 17.5%, 23.5%, 58.7%. After transfected with a CXCR4-lentivector and overexpressed CXCR4, the ratios of HBL-1 cells apoptosis were 14.2%, 16.1%, 22.5%, 38.3% respectively. The ratio of DLBCL cells apoptosis induced by mitoxantrone was lower when co-cultured with MSC (P<0.05) . But with the addition of ibrutinib, the ratio of apoptosis was increaed and it was similar to cultivation without MSC, which suggested ibrutinib could inhibit drug-resistance induced by MSC. But after transfected with a CXCR4-lentivector, the overexpression of CXCR4 was detected and the ratio of apoptosis was significantly lower when co-cultured with MSC which demonstrated that ibrutinib inhibited drug-resistance by inhibiting the expression of CXCR4. MSC enhanced lymphoma clonogenicity in vitro and lymphoma cell growth in vivo. The number of colonies of control, MSC, Ibrutinib, MSC+Ibrutinib were 113±5, 205±4, 62±9, 123±3 (2.5×103/well, ±s) , respectively. The tumor volume of NOD/SCID mice were respectively 6 500, 17 000, 4 000, 10 000 mm3. Ibrutinib inhibited lymphoma clonogenicity in vitro and lymphoma cell growth in vitro.@*Conclusion@#Ibrutinib targeted the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis, inhibited the expression of CXCR4 and inhibited MSC-mediated drug resistance. Ibrutinib also inhibited lymphoma clonogenicity in vitro and lymphoma cell growth in vivo. These results provided a scientific rationality for relapsed/refractory DLBCL treatment with ibrutinib.
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Objective:To compare the efficacy between chemotherapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and chemo-therapy with G-CSF and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for the mobilization of peripheral blood hemato-poietic stem cells and hematological recovery post-transplantation in patients with malignant lymphoma. Methods:Autologous pe-ripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell mobilization data of 61 malignant lymphoma patients who were treated with chemotherapy plus G-CSF or chemotherapy plus G-CSF and GM-CSF from May 2008 to October 2016 were included in this study. The mobilization effi-cacy and hematopoietic recovery were analyzed. Results:During mobilization, White blood cells (WBC) of all patients decreased to 1.0×109/L and platelets (PLT) dropped to 40×109/L. The successful mobilization rates of CD34+cell are 52.5%in chemotherapy plus G-CSF group and 90.5%in chemotherapy plus G-CSF+GM-CSF group (P=0.003). All patients successfully underwent hematopoietic recon-struction without transplantation-related mortality. Conclusion: Although chemotherapy with G-CSF+GM-CSF can significantly in-crease the effect of autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell mobilization, the reconstruction of hematopoietic function after transplantation and side reaction between the two groups are the same. Thus, chemotherapy with G-CSF+GM-CSF is not superior to chemotherapy with G-CSF in mobilizing autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells.
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Background and purpose: Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a scarce subtype of malignant lymphoma, and it has heterogeneous clinical manifestation and treatment effect. Currently, no precise risk stratification is used to guide prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of pre-treatment peripheral blood absolute monocyte count (AMC) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with primary nasal NKTCL, and provide more precise information for better risk stratification to select appropriate treatment and improve survival. Methods: Clinical data of 132 patients newly diagnosed with primary nasal NKTCL was collected in the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2013. The relationship between AMC and PLR in pre-treatment peripheral blood and 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients was analyzed retrospectively. Independent prognostic factors of patients were determined by univariate analysis and Cox regression analysis. Results: Pre-treatment peripheral blood AMC and PLR play important roles in the prognosis stratification of patients with primary nasal NKTCL. The prognosis in patients of AMC<0.5×109/L were higher than those of AMC≥0.5×109/L, The prognosis in patients of PLR<150 were higher than those of PLR≥150 (P<0.05). Based on the four independent risk factors of staging, ECOG scoring, AMC and PLR, we tried to establish a new prognostic model, dividing all patients into three different risk groups and found that the 5-year OS and PFS of three groups had significant statistical differences. Conclusion: Peripheral blood AMC and PLR were significantly correlated with the prognosis of patients with primary nasal NKTCL. The new prognostic patterns based on the four independent risk factors, such as staging, ECOG scoring, AMC and PLR may be more convenient and more economical than IPI (International Prognostic Index, IPI) and KPI (Korean Prognostic Index, KPI).
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Objective To analyze the compliance and the influencing factors of the children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH).Methods 231 children with CH were collected for this study.The questionnaire survey and referring the case were used to collect relative factors.According to regular follow -up treatment,the children were divided into two groups,one group was good compliance and the other one was bad compliance.The results were ana-lyzed by two -independent sample t -test,2 -test and unconditioned logistic regression analysis.Results (1)Blood TSH(χ2 =59.870,P =0.00) and blood FT4 (χ2 =6.468,P =0.01) were normal,short distance from the hospital (χ2 =16.375,P =0.00),level of education of their mothers was high(χ2 =7.483,P =0.02),and regular compli-ance treatment of children with CH(χ2 =7.483,P =0.024) was good.(2) Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that serum TSH value(OR =17.135),the short distance(OR =1.692) and diagnosis of CH(OR =4.028) were introduced into the logistic regression model (all P <0.05).Conclusion It is essential to take measures actively and reinforce the management of children with long distance,low -educated,and the diagnosis of TSH.More-over,enhancing the regular treatment compliance of children with CH is the key to improve the growth and develop-ment status of children with CH.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe the clinical and pathological characteristics of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pathologically confirmed 14 cases of NLPHL patients (since January 2001 to December 2012) were collected from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital. The laboratory examinations' results, clinical manifestations, short-term and long-term outcomes of these cases were analyzed in this study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The immunohistochemistry of all cases showed CD20 (+)/weak (+) and CD30 (-), most of them CD15 (-). The morbidity of NLPHL during the same period of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) was around 6.3%. The median age was 38 (13-54) years old, 92.9% of the patients sought medical advice according to self-feeling of superficial lymph nodes. All patients' disease progressed slowly and the sizes of lymph nodes were within 3 cm. Of the 14 patients, 7 patients were treated with chemotherapy and 7 patients chemoradiotherapy. The treatment results showed CR+CRu rate as 85.7% and ORR 100.0%. The rates of 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 85.7% and 100.0% respectively. Short and long term efficacies between chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy had no significant differences. Meanwhile, varieties chemotherapy regimens showed no significant effects on short- and long-term efficacies (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The pathologically confirmed 14 cases of NLPHL had the classical and tumorous maxi cell, which showed CD20 (+)/weak (+) and CD30 (-), very few cases showed weak CD15 (+). The incidence of NLPHL was low. The majority of the NLPHL patients were middle-aged and youth. Moreover, the better short- and long-term outcomes over classical HL ones were observed regardless of patients' stage.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Disease-Free Survival , Hodgkin Disease , Immunohistochemistry , Incidence , Lymph Nodes , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the etiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome/acute my-eloid leukemia (t-MDS/AML) secondary to malignant tumors. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 11 patients with t-MDS/AML and investigated the treatment of primary tumors, clinical manifestations, treatment, and survival of t-MDS/AML patients. Results:A total of 11 patients were exposed to cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents or radiation therapy for their primary tumors. The median laten-cy was 36 months. Common symptoms were fatigue, dyspnea, bleeding, and infection, all of which were related to deficits in hemato-poiesis. Therapeutic regimen included support therapy, immunomodulatory therapy, and chemotherapy. The median overall survival and disease-free survival periods were 28 months and 19 months, respectively, and the overall survival rate for 3 years was 44.4%. Conclu-sion:t-MDS/AML is a serious complication of chemotherapy or radiotherapy for a malignant or nonmalignant condition. The curative effect is limited, and prognosis is poor. Therefore, we should take t-MDS/AML into consideration when making treatment plans for can-cer patients to evaluate treatment benefits and to avoid treatment-related complications.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and its effect on prognosis of patients with primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PGI-DLBCL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Real time quantitative PCR was used to determine the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in 40 PGI-DLBCL patients and 17 healthy controls. The association of Bcl-2 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of the patients was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA in PGI-DLBCL patients was 1.03 ± 0.93, significantly higher than that of the controls (0.41 ± 0.21) (P < 0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in stage IIE-IV patients (1.28 ± 1.01) was significantly higher than that in the stage I-II2 patients (0.62 ± 0.61) (P < 0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in patients with international prognostic index (IPI) score >2 (1.95 ± 1.27) was significantly higher than those with IPI score ≤ 2 (0.86 ± 0.75)(P < 0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in patients with complete remission (CR) (0.71 ± 0.58) was significantly lower vs. 2.42 ± 0.91 in patients with no CR (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis indicated that β2-MG, IPI score>2, the Lugano staging, and Bcl-2 mRNA expression were associated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that IPI score>2 was independently associated with OS (P < 0.05), and both IPI score >2 and Bcl-2 mRNA expression were independently associated with PFS (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in the tumor tissue of PGI-DLBCL patients is significantly higher than that in controls. PGI-DLBCL patients with higher expression of Bcl-2 have a poor chemotherapy response and inferior prognosis. IPI score >2 and higher expression of Bcl-2 mRNA are independent poor prognostic factors for PFS in PGI-DLBCL patients.</p>
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Humans , Disease-Free Survival , Genes, bcl-2 , Lymphoma, B-Cell , Diagnosis , Genetics , Metabolism , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Diagnosis , Genetics , Metabolism , Prognosis , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), the most common hemorrhagic disease, is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by decreased platelets count due to auto-antibodies mediating platelets destruction and insufficient platelets production. The etiology of ITP is still not completely known. Regulatory T cells, also called Tregs, are character-ized by CD4+CD25+, and positive of transcription factor forkhead box P3. They belong to a subpopulation of T cells special-ized for immune regulation and play an important role in maintaining the immune balance. Decreased production and defect-ed function of CD4+CD25+Treg was found not only in the ITP animal model but also in the ITP patients. It indicates that the Treg was involved in the pathology of ITP. This review focus on the characteristic and function of Tregs and their relationship with pathogenesis of ITP.
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Objective To explore the clinical effect of Xuebijing injection in the treatment of paraquat poi-soning.Methods 67 patients with acute paraquat poisoning were divided randomly into the treatment group ( 35 cases) and control group(32 cases),the control group were given conventional therapy,and the treatment group were given Xuebijing 100mL intravenous injection additionally based on conventional therapy,twice per day for 1-2 week. The biochemical indexes of organs injury and mortality in the two groups were detected.Results Compared with the control group,the serum Cr,ALT,AST,CRP and CK level were lower and the PaO2 was higher in treatment group,the differences were significantly(all P<0.01).The fatality rate of the treatment group was 20.0%,which was lower than 34.4%of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Xuebijing injection could relieve the organ damage of paraquat poisoning,decrease the mortality,which has a therapeutic effect for treatment of acute paraquat poisoning.
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The transition metal cobalt, an essential cofactor for many enzymes in prokaryotes, is taken up by several specific transport systems. The CbiMNQO protein complex belongs to type-1 energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters and is a widespread group of microbial cobalt transporters. CbiO is the ATPase subunit (A-component) of the cobalt transporting system in the gram-negative thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis. Here we report the crystal structure of a nucleotide-free CbiO at a resolution of 2.3 Å. CbiO contains an N-terminal canonical nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and C-terminal helical domain. Structural and biochemical data show that CbiO forms a homodimer mediated by the NBD and the C-terminal domain. Interactions mainly via conserved hydrophobic amino acids between the two C-terminal domains result in formation of a four-helix bundle. Structural comparison with other ECF transporters suggests that non-conserved residues outside the T-component binding groove in the A component likely act as a specificity determinant for T components. Together, our data provide information on understanding of the structural organization and interaction of the CbiMNQO system.
Subject(s)
Adenosine Triphosphatases , Chemistry , Amino Acids , Chemistry , Biological Transport , Catalytic Domain , Cobalt , Chemistry , Crystallography, X-Ray , Protein Binding , Protein Conformation , Protein Structure, Secondary , Structure-Activity Relationship , ThermoanaerobacterABSTRACT
Objective To compare the effect of laparoscopic-assisted and open distal gastric cancer radical operation for advanced gastric cancer and evaluate the feasibility and short-term outcomes of laparoscopic-assisted distal gastric cancer radical operation.Methods The clinical data of 198 patients from January 2007 to December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.Ninety-one patients who underwent laparoscopic-assisted distal gastric cancer radical operation was in laparoscopy group,and 107 patients who underwent open distal gastric cancer radical operation was in open operation group.Results The operative time in laparoscopy group was significantly longer than that in open operation group [(260.08 ± 26.28) min vs.(231.74 ± 17.33) min],and intraoperative blood loss volume,incision length,recovery of bowel activity,time of stay in hospital and recovery eating were significantly shorter than those in open operation group [(152.13 ± 51.05) nl vs.(348.00 ± 110.36) ml,(5.02 ± 0.82) cm vs.(19.13 ± 1.57) cm,(2.79 ± 0.75) d vs.(4.49 ± 1.09) d,(9.97 ± 2.08) d vs.(12.15 ± 2.46)d,(6.91 ± 1.44) d vs.(7.45 ± 1.08) d,P＜ 0.05].The total number of lymph nodes and postoperative complication had no significant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The laparoscopic-assisted distal gastric cancer radical operation for advanced gastric cancer is safe and feasible.It has better short-term outcomes.
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Objective: To observe the synergetic effect of folic acid and genistein on apoptosis in the early stage of neuron and its possible mechanism. Methods: Cyclophosphamide was added to primary cultured neurons to induce apoptosis. Three different dosages of folic acid and genistein were used to inhibit apoptosis. The results were observed by flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: 1.Folic acid and genistein might play a role in early stages of neuron apoptosis, and the synergetic effect was demonstrated when folic acid and genistein were administered together. 2. The membrane changes in early stages of neuron apoptosis observed by scanning electron microscope were also in agreement with the flow cytometry data. Conclusion: Genistein might reinforce the protective effect of folic acid on neural tube defects by restraining the apoptosis of the early stage of neuron.
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Objectives:To investigate the changes of portal hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis and its clinical value. Methods:Forty patients with liver cirrhosis and twenty healthy volunteers as controls were involved in this study.The max diameters,mean flow velocity,flow rate and congestion index(CI) of the portal vein trunks(PV) and splenic veins(SV) were detected by Color Doppler Ultrasound in all subjects. Results:The PV diameters(PVD), PVT flow rate(PVF), PVCI and SV diameter(SVD),SV flow rate(SVF),SVCI were significantly highter in patients than in controls( P